Getting a Random Tweet using the Twitter Search API and PHP

The Custom Coding Way

Introduction:

  • TwitterAPIExchange.php
<?php
class TwitterAPIExchange
{
private $oauth_access_token;
private $oauth_access_token_secret;
private $consumer_key;
private $consumer_secret;
private $postfields;
private $getfield;
protected $oauth;
public $url;
public $requestMethod;
protected $httpStatusCode;
public function __construct(array $settings)
{
if (!function_exists('curl_init'))
{
throw new RuntimeException('TwitterAPIExchange requires cURL extension to be loaded, see: http://curl.haxx.se/docs/install.html');
}
if (!isset($settings['oauth_access_token'])
|| !isset($settings['oauth_access_token_secret'])
|| !isset($settings['consumer_key'])
|| !isset($settings['consumer_secret']))
{
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Incomplete settings passed to TwitterAPIExchange');
}
$this->oauth_access_token = $settings['oauth_access_token'];
$this->oauth_access_token_secret = $settings['oauth_access_token_secret'];
$this->consumer_key = $settings['consumer_key'];
$this->consumer_secret = $settings['consumer_secret'];
}
public function setPostfields(array $array)
{
if (!is_null($this->getGetfield()))
{
throw new Exception('You can only choose get OR post fields (post fields include put).');
}
if (isset($array['status']) && substr($array['status'], 0, 1) === '@')
{
$array['status'] = sprintf("\0%s", $array['status']);
}
foreach ($array as $key => &$value)
{
if (is_bool($value))
{
$value = ($value === true) ? 'true' : 'false';
}
}
$this->postfields = $array;
if (isset($this->oauth['oauth_signature']))
{
$this->buildOauth($this->url, $this->requestMethod);
}
return $this;
}
public function setGetfield($string)
{
if (!is_null($this->getPostfields()))
{
throw new Exception('You can only choose get OR post / post fields.');
}
$getfields = preg_replace('/^\?/', '', explode('&', $string));
$params = array();
foreach ($getfields as $field)
{
if ($field !== '')
{
list($key, $value) = explode('=', $field);
$params[$key] = $value;
}
}
$this->getfield = '?' . http_build_query($params, '', '&');
return $this;
}
public function getGetfield()
{
return $this->getfield;
}
public function getPostfields()
{
return $this->postfields;
}
public function buildOauth($url, $requestMethod)
{
if (!in_array(strtolower($requestMethod), array('post', 'get', 'put', 'delete')))
{
throw new Exception('Request method must be either POST, GET or PUT or DELETE');
}
$consumer_key = $this->consumer_key;
$consumer_secret = $this->consumer_secret;
$oauth_access_token = $this->oauth_access_token;
$oauth_access_token_secret = $this->oauth_access_token_secret;
$oauth = array(
'oauth_consumer_key' => $consumer_key,
'oauth_nonce' => time(),
'oauth_signature_method' => 'HMAC-SHA1',
'oauth_token' => $oauth_access_token,
'oauth_timestamp' => time(),
'oauth_version' => '1.0'
);
$getfield = $this->getGetfield();
if (!is_null($getfield))
{
$getfields = str_replace('?', '', explode('&', $getfield));
foreach ($getfields as $g)
{
$split = explode('=', $g);
if (isset($split[1]))
{
$oauth[$split[0]] = urldecode($split[1]);
}
}
}
$postfields = $this->getPostfields();
if (!is_null($postfields)) {
foreach ($postfields as $key => $value) {
$oauth[$key] = $value;
}
}
$base_info = $this->buildBaseString($url, $requestMethod, $oauth);
$composite_key = rawurlencode($consumer_secret) . '&' . rawurlencode($oauth_access_token_secret);
$oauth_signature = base64_encode(hash_hmac('sha1', $base_info, $composite_key, true));
$oauth['oauth_signature'] = $oauth_signature;
$this->url = $url;
$this->requestMethod = $requestMethod;
$this->oauth = $oauth;
return $this;
}
public function performRequest($return = true, $curlOptions = array())
{
if (!is_bool($return))
{
throw new Exception('performRequest parameter must be true or false');
}
$header = array($this->buildAuthorizationHeader($this->oauth), 'Expect:');
$getfield = $this->getGetfield();
$postfields = $this->getPostfields();
if (in_array(strtolower($this->requestMethod), array('put', 'delete')))
{
$curlOptions[CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST] = $this->requestMethod;
}
$options = $curlOptions + array(
CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER => $header,
CURLOPT_HEADER => false,
CURLOPT_URL => $this->url,
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 10,
);
if (!is_null($postfields))
{
$options[CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS] = http_build_query($postfields, '', '&');
}
else
{
if ($getfield !== '')
{
$options[CURLOPT_URL] .= $getfield;
}
}
$feed = curl_init();
curl_setopt_array($feed, $options);
$json = curl_exec($feed);
$this->httpStatusCode = curl_getinfo($feed, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
if (($error = curl_error($feed)) !== '')
{
curl_close($feed);
throw new \Exception($error);
}
curl_close($feed);
return $json;
}
private function buildBaseString($baseURI, $method, $params)
{
$return = array();
ksort($params);
foreach($params as $key => $value)
{
$return[] = rawurlencode($key) . '=' . rawurlencode($value);
}
return $method . "&" . rawurlencode($baseURI) . '&' . rawurlencode(implode('&', $return));
}
private function buildAuthorizationHeader(array $oauth)
{
$return = 'Authorization: OAuth ';
$values = array();
foreach($oauth as $key => $value)
{
if (in_array($key, array('oauth_consumer_key', 'oauth_nonce', 'oauth_signature',
'oauth_signature_method', 'oauth_timestamp', 'oauth_token', 'oauth_version'))) {
$values[] = "$key=\"" . rawurlencode($value) . "\"";
}
}
$return .= implode(', ', $values);
return $return;
}
public function request($url, $method = 'get', $data = null, $curlOptions = array())
{
if (strtolower($method) === 'get')
{
$this->setGetfield($data);
}
else
{
$this->setPostfields($data);
}
return $this->buildOauth($url, $method)->performRequest(true, $curlOptions);
}
public function getHttpStatusCode()
{
return $this->httpStatusCode;
}
}
<?
require_once('TwitterAPIExchange.php');
/** Set access tokens here - see: https://dev.twitter.com/apps/ **/
$settings = array(
'oauth_access_token' => "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
'oauth_access_token_secret' => "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
'consumer_key' => "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
'consumer_secret' => "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
);
$url = "https://api.twitter.com/1.1/search/tweets.json";
$requestMethod = "GET";
$searchfield = "?f=tweets&vertical=default&q=’random’ AND -filter:retweets &src=typd";
$getfield = $searchfield . "&count=100&result_type=mixed&tweet_mode=extended";
$twitter = new TwitterAPIExchange($settings);
$string = json_decode($twitter->setGetfield($getfield)
->buildOauth($url, $requestMethod)
->performRequest(),true);
if($string["errors"][0]["message"] != "") {echo "<h3>Sorry, there was a problem.</h3><p>Twitter returned the following error message:</p><p><em>".$string[errors][0]["message"]."</em></p>";exit();}
shuffle($string['statuses']);
$i = 1;
foreach($string['statuses'] as $tweets) {
$time = $tweets['created_at'];
$id = $tweets['id'];
$source = $tweets['source'];
$tweet = $tweets['full_text'];
$name = $tweets['user']['name'];
$user = $tweets['user']['screen_name'];
$profile_image = $tweets['user']['profile_image_url'];
$followers = $tweets['user']['followers_count'];
$friends = $tweets['user']['friends_count'];
$listed = $tweets['user']['listed_count'];
echo "Time and Date of Tweet: " . $time ."<br />";
echo "ID of Tweet: " . $id . "<br />";
echo "Source of Tweet: " . $source . "<br />";
echo "Tweet: ". $tweet ."<br />";
echo "Tweeted by: ". $name ."<br />";
echo "Screen name: ". $user ."<br />";
echo "<a href=\"http://twitter.com/$user\">@$user</a><br />";
echo "<img src=\"".$profile_image."\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\" /><br />";
echo "Followers: ". $followers ."<br />";
echo "Friends: ". $friends ."<br />";
echo "Listed: ". $listed ."<br /><hr />";
$i++;
if($i == 2) break;
}
echo "<button type='button' class='btn' onClick='window.location.reload()'>Anotha One</button>";
?>

Contributions

The entire TwitterAPIExchange.php code is thanks to J7mbo — https://github.com/J7mbo/twitter-api-php

--

--

I like writing about things that interest me. I’m hoping some of it may be interesting to you as well. Keep up with me and my projects at www.kylescheer.com

Get the Medium app

A button that says 'Download on the App Store', and if clicked it will lead you to the iOS App store
A button that says 'Get it on, Google Play', and if clicked it will lead you to the Google Play store
Kyle Scheer

I like writing about things that interest me. I’m hoping some of it may be interesting to you as well. Keep up with me and my projects at www.kylescheer.com